PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck two times late to take a surprise advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.